Top 100 linux commands
Posted on: September 17, 2024 /
Categories: Internet
Here’s a comprehensive list of 100 essential Linux commands that cover a broad range of tasks. This list includes commands for file manipulation, system monitoring, networking, package management, and more:
File and Directory Management
ls
– List directory contentscd
– Change directorypwd
– Print working directorymkdir
– Make directoriesrmdir
– Remove empty directoriesrm
– Remove files or directoriescp
– Copy files or directoriesmv
– Move or rename files or directoriestouch
– Change file timestamps or create empty filesfind
– Search for files in a directory hierarchylocate
– Find files by nameupdatedb
– Update the database forlocate
diff
– Compare files line by linefile
– Determine file typechmod
– Change file modes or Access Control Listschown
– Change file owner and groupchgrp
– Change group ownershipln
– Create hard and symbolic links
Text Processing
cat
– Concatenate and display filestac
– Concatenate and display files in reversemore
– View file contents page by pageless
– View file contents page by page (with backward movement)head
– Output the first part of filestail
– Output the last part of filesgrep
– Search text using patternssed
– Stream editor for filtering and transforming textawk
– Pattern scanning and processing languagecut
– Remove sections from each line of filespaste
– Merge lines of filessort
– Sort lines of text filesuniq
– Report or omit repeated lineswc
– Print newline, word, and byte counts for each filetr
– Translate or delete charactersxargs
– Build and execute command lines from standard input
System Monitoring and Management
top
– Display Linux taskshtop
– Interactive process viewer (requires installation)ps
– Report process statusdf
– Report file system disk space usagedu
– Estimate file space usagefree
– Display amount of free and used memoryuptime
– Tell how long the system has been runningvmstat
– Report virtual memory statisticsiostat
– Report CPU and I/O statisticslsof
– List open filesnetstat
– Print network connections, routing tables, interface statisticsss
– Utility to investigate socketsdmesg
– Print or control the kernel ring buffersystemctl
– Control the systemd system and service managerjournalctl
– Query and display messages from the journalshutdown
– Bring the system downreboot
– Reboot the system
Networking
ping
– Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hostsifconfig
– Configure a network interface (deprecated, useip
)ip
– Show/manipulate routing, devices, policy routing, and tunnelsnetcat
(ornc
) – Read and write data across network connectionswget
– Non-interactive network downloadercurl
– Transfer data from or to a serverssh
– OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)scp
– Secure copy (remote file copy program)ftp
– File Transfer Protocol clientsftp
– Secure File Transfer Protocol clienttraceroute
– Print the route packets take to the network hosthost
– DNS lookup utilitydig
– DNS lookupwhois
– Whois query program
Package Management
apt-get
– APT package handling utility (Debian-based systems)apt
– High-level package management command-line interface (Debian-based)yum
– Package manager for RPM-based distributions (e.g., CentOS, RHEL)dnf
– Package manager for RPM-based distributions (successor to yum)rpm
– RPM package managerpacman
– Package manager for Arch Linuxzypper
– Command-line interface of ZYpp package manager (openSUSE)snap
– Package management system that allows installing snapsflatpak
– System for building, distributing, and running sandboxed desktop applications
Disk Management
fdisk
– Partition table manipulator for Linuxparted
– A partition manipulation programmkfs
– Build a Linux file systemfsck
– File system consistency check and repairmount
– Mount a file systemumount
– Unmount file systemsblkid
– Locate/print block device attributeslsblk
– List information about block devices
User Management
useradd
– Create a new user or update default new user informationusermod
– Modify a user accountuserdel
– Delete a user account and related filespasswd
– Change user passwordgroupadd
– Create a new groupgroupdel
– Delete a groupgroups
– Show which groups a user belongs toid
– Print user and group information
Process Management
kill
– Send a signal to a processkillall
– Kill processes by namepkill
– Send signals to processes based on name and other attributesnohup
– Run a command immune to hangupsjobs
– List active jobsfg
– Bring a job to the foregroundbg
– Resume a stopped job in the background
System Information
uname
– Print system informationhostname
– Show or set the system’s hostnamedate
– Display or set the system date and time
These commands provide a solid foundation for managing and interacting with a Linux system.